Daftar Port & Protokol
Rujukan cepat port dan protokol. Penjelasan ada di Port & Socket dan TCP vs UDP.
Port well-known (wajib hafal)
| Port | Protokol | Layanan | Keterangan |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20 | TCP | FTP-Data | Transfer data FTP |
| 21 | TCP | FTP-Control | Perintah FTP |
| 22 | TCP | SSH | Remote akses aman |
| 23 | TCP | Telnet | Remote akses (tidak aman) |
| 25 | TCP | SMTP | Kirim email |
| 53 | TCP/UDP | DNS | Resolusi nama |
| 67 | UDP | DHCP Server | Pemberian IP |
| 68 | UDP | DHCP Client | Penerima IP |
| 69 | UDP | TFTP | Transfer file sederhana |
| 80 | TCP | HTTP | Web |
| 110 | TCP | POP3 | Ambil email |
| 123 | UDP | NTP | Sinkronisasi waktu |
| 143 | TCP | IMAP | Ambil email (sinkron) |
| 161 | UDP | SNMP | Monitoring perangkat |
| 162 | UDP | SNMP Trap | Notifikasi SNMP |
| 389 | TCP/UDP | LDAP | Direktori |
| 443 | TCP | HTTPS | Web terenkripsi |
| 445 | TCP | SMB | Berbagi file (Windows) |
| 514 | UDP | Syslog | Logging |
| 636 | TCP | LDAPS | LDAP terenkripsi |
| 993 | TCP | IMAPS | IMAP terenkripsi |
| 995 | TCP | POP3S | POP3 terenkripsi |
| 3389 | TCP | RDP | Remote desktop |
Rentang port
| Rentang | Nama | Pemakaian |
|---|---|---|
| 0 – 1023 | Well-known | Layanan standar |
| 1024 – 49151 | Registered | Aplikasi terdaftar |
| 49152 – 65535 | Dynamic/Ephemeral | Port sementara (client) |
Protokol per layer (TCP/IP)
| Layer | Protokol |
|---|---|
| Application | HTTP, HTTPS, DNS, DHCP, FTP, SMTP, POP3, IMAP, SSH, SNMP, NTP |
| Transport | TCP, UDP |
| Internet | IP, ICMP, ARP, IGMP |
| Network Access | Ethernet, Wi-Fi (802.11), PPP |
TCP vs UDP — ringkas
| TCP | UDP | |
|---|---|---|
| Koneksi | Ya (handshake) | Tidak |
| Andal | Ya | Tidak |
| Urutan | Dijaga | Tidak |
| Kecepatan | Lebih lambat | Cepat |
| Contoh | HTTP, FTP, SMTP, SSH | DNS, DHCP, VoIP, streaming, game |
Protokol berdasarkan transport
Pakai TCP: HTTP(80), HTTPS(443), FTP(20/21), SSH(22), SMTP(25), Telnet(23), RDP(3389), IMAP(143), POP3(110).
Pakai UDP: DHCP(67/68), TFTP(69), SNMP(161), NTP(123), Syslog(514), VoIP, streaming, game.
Pakai keduanya: DNS(53) — UDP untuk query biasa, TCP untuk transfer besar (zone transfer).
Protokol keamanan terkait port
| Layanan tidak aman | Port | Versi aman | Port |
|---|---|---|---|
| HTTP | 80 | HTTPS | 443 |
| FTP | 21 | SFTP (via SSH) | 22 |
| Telnet | 23 | SSH | 22 |
| POP3 | 110 | POP3S | 995 |
| IMAP | 143 | IMAPS | 993 |
| LDAP | 389 | LDAPS | 636 |
Selalu pilih versi terenkripsi (kolom kanan) bila tersedia.